The combined diagnostic procedure of bronchography and bronchoscopy.

use of a mixture of sulphanilamide and iodized oil, and this was used later by Houghton and Ramsay (1951). Though this mixture largely avoided the difficulty of retention in the alveoli, it was extremely viscous and rather difficult to expel from the syringe. The introduction of propyliodone ("dionosil") has rendered the use of such mixtures unnecessary, since any propyliodone which does reach the alveoli is absorbed very quickly, leaving no radiological opacity. Propyliodone is available in both oily and aqueous suspension. There have been reports that the aqueous preparation is irritant and provokes cough. This has not been frequent in our experience, and for some time we have used aqueous " dionosil " in preference to oily preparations, to which there is at least the theoretical objection that their use may lead to lipoid-granulomatous changes in the lung (Felton, 1953). Moreover, the aqueous preparation allows ample time to the operator. It is possible to take 15 to 20 minutes in posturing and transporting the patient without fear of troublesome alveolar filling, especially if the medium is at a low temperature at the time of injection. The object of this paper is to present the results of combining bronchography with bronchoscopy in 100 consecutive cases. It is a routine in this, as in most centres, to perform bronchoscopy before lung resection, and the general interest that has developed in tracheo-bronchial tuberculosis in the last 10 years has led to much more frequent bronchoscopy in the medical management of pulmonary tuberculosis. We have taken the opportunity of bronchoscopy to carry out simultaneous bronchography wherever it seemed indicated during the past year. The objectives were in most